Only one person in the congressional district would win an appointment. Military Academy at West Point, John decided to take the test to earn a free education. A bureaucratic loophole in Army regulations did not recognize this insignia, thus Pershing's gold stars did not appear on Army rank precedence charts and were considered as an unofficial rank insignia.Īfter reading an advertisement announcing an entrance exam for the U.S. General Pershing chose to wear the four stars of a general, but in gold, to signify his new position. "of the Armies") was to distinguish that this held authority over all armed services, as opposed to the Civil War title "General of the Army" which was itself only an Army rank. The rank was primarily intended to recognize Pershing's performance as commander of the American Expeditionary Forces. On September 3, 1919, President Woodrow Wilson, in accordance with Public Law 66-45, promoted Pershing to that same rank. In 1919, to honor his service in World War I, Congress authorized the promotion of Pershing to the rank of "General of the Armies of the United States" and allowed him to design his own insignia. Pershing was the only person in history to hold the rank of General of the Armies while serving on active duty. To the right of Eisenhower's Statue you will see a monument and statue to John Joseph "Black Jack" Pershing.
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